DEMOGRAPHIC AND SPATIAL PATTERNS OF INDONESIAN’S RECENT URBANITATION

            Demographics is a description of the population, particularly on births, marriages, deaths and migration. Demographics covering scientific study of the number, geographical distribution, composition of the population, and how these factors change from time to time. Some demographers particularly interested in statistical fertility (birth), morality (deaths) and migration (migration) because these three variables are components that influence population changes. These three components are measured by the level of births, deaths and migration extent which determine the number of inhabitants, age composition and the rate of increase or decrease in the population. If someone demographers studying a country.

               Demographics very closely linked to urbanization . when population growth occurs then urbanization is inevitable. Urbanization is the movement of people and the rural to urban areas or from small town to big city . The person conducting the so-called urban urbanization . The emergence of movements of people and villages to cities is caused by two factors, namely the driving of the village and the pull factor of city. The purpose of this article is to show about the history of urbanitzation to public, how the effect for Indonesian. Urban settlements tend to grow steadily both in breadth , nor Mr numbers, along with this must be that the proportion of the world's population we are tinggak in small towns and big cities increased . The proportion of the increase is also called urbanization ( 1998, in Daldjoeni ,1998)

               The pattern of urbanization in Indonesia, especially in developing countries occur in per capita income. Direction of urban change is more influenced by the global economy. Urbanisation in developing countries has been linked to globalization in terms of the expansion process and global markets. In developing research in recent years, countries have been associated with the terms of the silent expansion of the global market for commodities and services. Population density in urban growth in Asia has resulted in longer and result in people's lifestyles are increasingly targeted. Advances in information and communication technology has facilitated the flow of capital, people and information from foreign countries to Southeast Asian countries, and in turn encourage the redistribution of the local population in relation to the economic transformation center.

               According to Ng and Hill (2003) argues that cities can make a city rich economies become large enough for those who manage global capital, but their ability to cope with and promote the sustainable development of the local population). Regardless of the increasing research interest in the effects of globalization on urbanization, empirical studies have focused on developed countries Friedman, 1986, 2001, Sassen, 1991, 1994, 2001, Shacar, 1990, while much less is known about this process in the cities of developing countries Meung 1996 Yeung and Lo, 1996 Word, 1998. Gugler, 2002, Ng and Hil. 2003), scholars argue that while transnational capital has been increasing the spatial concentration of the population in Asia, has resulted in the growth of urban areas than in the deeper social processes associated with urbanization.

               Activities of agriculture and non-agricultural sectors take place in the areas adjacent to usat- urban centers, while the process is very important to maintain. The distribution of the population in Indonesia is very uneven with a ratio of one fifth of the population in the island of Java, which comprises about 7% of the total land area. Industry-sector development, financial sector da services in Jakarta Metropolitan Area in turn has encouraged the development of the property sector, especially housing construction.

               Development in the industrial sector , services and trade in big cities such as Medan, Surabaya, Bandung and so on lying is always encouraging developments in the property sector and especially the hearts of Housing Development . Economic activity is increasingly concentrated in big cities, because of the policy launched by the Indonesian government from late 1980s to mid -1990s . The policy is intended to improve the efficiency and performance and to promote the export of non-oil commodities . This is designed to spur national economic growth .

               The conclution is the population growth in cities small and medium enterprises has been much faster in other parts of Indonesia than in Java, it indicates that these cities play a more significant as a center for economic activity, especially agriculture and exploitation of natural resources, compared with those of Java, where small towns has fallen to a more dominant role than the largest urban centers. Conclution notes, social and economic development are closely associated with the demographic transition graphics, but this in turn is partly responsible for urbanization and a variety of other social and economic changes. This complex relationship is changing rapidly in Indonesia, with falling fertility rates and expanding urban economy (employing nearly 40s activ population in 2000, compared with just over a quarter of a decade earlier).